RSS Feed
 |
 | SentrySafe SFW123DSB 1.23 Cubic Feet Combination Fire-Safe, Medium Grey |  |  | US $194.61 | 21d 4h 40m |
 | Sentry Electronic Fire Water Impact Resistant 1.2 Cubic Feet OA5848 | | | US $456.00 | 24d 12h 55m |
 | SentrySafe New Fire-Safe Waterproof Chest, 0.36 Cubic Feet , Silver Gray | | 0 Bid | US $63.78 | 4h 26m |
 | SentrySafe 1170BLK 1/2 Hour Fireproof Security File, 0.61 Cubic Feet, Black | | | US $57.34 | 25d 13h 52m |
 | SentrySafe X055 Security Safe, 0.5 Cubic Feet, Black | | 6 Bids | US $6.50 | 13h 27m |
 | Sentry Executive 3-Number Combination Lock Safe 9.1 Cubic Feet EQ1459C | | | US $679.00 | 23d 6h 41m |
 | SentrySafe 1170BLK 1/2 Hour Fireproof Security File 0.61 Cubic Feet Black | | | US $58.74 | 19d 22h 59m |
 | NEW SentrySafe ESB-3 Electronic Security Box, 0.23 Cubic Feet, Black FREE SHIP | | | US $41.99 | 20d 12h 10m |
 | Sentry Executive Safe Electronic Fire Water Resistant 4.7 Cubic Feet EF4738E | | | US $639.00 | 22d 7h 18m |
 | Sentry Hotel Card Swipe Electronic Security Safe 1.1 Cubic Feet Black HL100ES-BL | | | US $129.00 | 13d 5h 38m |
| Powered by phpBay Pro |
|
| SentrySafe SFW123DSB 1.23 Cubic Feet Combination Fire-Safe, Medium Grey | | | US $194.61 | 21d 4h 40m |
 | MESA 2 Hour Fire Safe 12.2 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS160E | | | US $1,499.00 | 5d 7h 15m |
 | New SentrySafe 500 FIRE-SAFE Box 0.15 Cubic Feet | | | US $34.99 | 19d 10h 26m |
 | SENTRYSAFE X105 SECURITY ELECTRIC LOCK SAFE 1.0 CUBIC FEET BLACK BOLTDOWN NEW | | | US $91.45 | 11d 2h 44m |
 | MESA 2-Hour Fire Safe Double Door 20.7 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS170DDE | | | US $2,499.00 | 5d 7h 37m |
 | MESA 2 Hour Fire Safe 13.3 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS170E | | | US $1,599.00 | 5d 7h 22m |
 | MESA 2-Hour Fire Safe 9.2 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS140E | | | US $1,099.00 | 5d 6h 53m |
 | MESA 2-Hour Fire Safe 6.8 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS120E | | | US $1,019.00 | 5d 6h 49m |
 | MESA 2-Hour Fire Safe 3.6 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS100E | | | US $829.00 | 5d 6h 45m |
 | 1.8 Cubic Feet Large Electronic Digital Security Safe | | | US $189.00 | 4d 11h 53m |
| Powered by phpBay Pro |
Cubic Feet
How many cubic feet of natural gas are there in a MMBtu?
Natural Gas is sold in MMBtu's so how many cubic feet of natural gas is in an MMBtu?
940 cubic feet at Standard temperature and pressure.
|
| SentrySafe SFW123DSB 1.23 Cubic Feet Combination Fire-Safe, Medium Grey | | | US $194.61 | 21d 4h 40m |
| Sentry Electronic Fire Water Impact Resistant 1.2 Cubic Feet OA5848 | | | US $456.00 | 24d 12h 55m |
| SentrySafe New Fire-Safe Waterproof Chest, 0.36 Cubic Feet , Silver Gray | | 0 Bid | US $63.78 | 4h 26m |
| SentrySafe 1170BLK 1/2 Hour Fireproof Security File, 0.61 Cubic Feet, Black | | | US $57.34 | 25d 13h 52m |
| SentrySafe X055 Security Safe, 0.5 Cubic Feet, Black | | 6 Bids | US $6.50 | 13h 27m |
| Sentry Executive 3-Number Combination Lock Safe 9.1 Cubic Feet EQ1459C | | | US $679.00 | 23d 6h 41m |
| SentrySafe 1170BLK 1/2 Hour Fireproof Security File 0.61 Cubic Feet Black | | | US $58.74 | 19d 22h 59m |
| NEW SentrySafe ESB-3 Electronic Security Box, 0.23 Cubic Feet, Black FREE SHIP | | | US $41.99 | 20d 12h 10m |
| Sentry Executive Safe Electronic Fire Water Resistant 4.7 Cubic Feet EF4738E | | | US $639.00 | 22d 7h 18m |
| Sentry Hotel Card Swipe Electronic Security Safe 1.1 Cubic Feet Black HL100ES-BL | | | US $129.00 | 13d 5h 38m |
 | SentrySafe 1/2 Hour Fire Safe Fireproof Security File 0.61 Cubic Feet Black New | | | US $58.99 | 25d 3h 40m |
 | SentrySafe 500 Black Fire Safe Box 0.15 Cubic Feet | | | US $27.87 | 20d 11h 49m |
 | SentrySafe .61 Cubic Feet Fire Safe Security File | | | US $49.99 | 27d 5h 4m |
 | SentrySafe Fire-Safe File Waterproof 1.29 Cubic Feet | | | US $139.92 | 17d 5h 56m |
 | SentrySafe HD2100 FIRE-SAFE Waterproof Chest, 0.37 Cubic Feet, Silver Gray | | | US $65.00 | 29d 1h 27m |
| Powered by phpBay Pro |
|
| SentrySafe SFW123DSB 1.23 Cubic Feet Combination Fire-Safe, Medium Grey | | | US $194.61 | 21d 4h 40m |
| MESA 2 Hour Fire Safe 12.2 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS160E | | | US $1,499.00 | 5d 7h 15m |
| New SentrySafe 500 FIRE-SAFE Box 0.15 Cubic Feet | | | US $34.99 | 19d 10h 26m |
| SENTRYSAFE X105 SECURITY ELECTRIC LOCK SAFE 1.0 CUBIC FEET BLACK BOLTDOWN NEW | | | US $91.45 | 11d 2h 44m |
| MESA 2-Hour Fire Safe Double Door 20.7 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS170DDE | | | US $2,499.00 | 5d 7h 37m |
| MESA 2 Hour Fire Safe 13.3 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS170E | | | US $1,599.00 | 5d 7h 22m |
| MESA 2-Hour Fire Safe 9.2 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS140E | | | US $1,099.00 | 5d 6h 53m |
| MESA 2-Hour Fire Safe 6.8 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS120E | | | US $1,019.00 | 5d 6h 49m |
| MESA 2-Hour Fire Safe 3.6 Cubic Feet Electronic All Steel MFS100E | | | US $829.00 | 5d 6h 45m |
| 1.8 Cubic Feet Large Electronic Digital Security Safe | | | US $189.00 | 4d 11h 53m |
| Powered by phpBay Pro |
|
No items matching your keywords were found.
|
 | Browning Dehumidifier 18" Protects 200 Cubic Feet | | | US $24.50 | 16d 11h 45m |
 | SentrySafe ESB-3 Electronic Security Box, 0.23 Cubic Feet, Black | | | US $44.90 | 25d 4h 25m |
 | Lockdown Rechargeable Silica Gel Pack, 450g for Safes up to 33 Cubic Feet | | | US $27.50 | 5d 1h 42m |
 | Black Safe 5 Long Gun Capacity Safe 3.5 Cubic Feet Home Rifle Storage New | | | US $249.99 | 1d 4h 33m |
| Powered by phpBay Pro |
| | Actual Cubic Feet Per Minute $71.7 Actual cubic feet per minute is a unit of volumetric capacity. It is commonly used by manufacturers of blowers and compressors. This is the actual gas delivery with reference to inlet conditions, whereas cubic foot per minute is an unqualified term and should only be used in general and never accepted as a specific definition without explanation. Since the volumetric capacity refers to the volume of air or other gas at the inlet to the unit, it is often referred to as inlet cubic feet per minute. Author: Miller, Frederic P./ Vandome, Agnes F./ McBrewster, John Binding Type: Paperback Number of Pages: 100 Publication Date: 2010/04/30 Language: English Dimensions: 5.98 x 9.01 x 0.23 inches |
| | Sunpentown RF-250W 2.5 Cubic Feet Compact Refrigerator $160.99 The Sunpentown RF-250W 2.5 cubic feet compact refrigerator is an ideal product for the dorm room and office, or just to keep extra beverages handy. |
| | OGM41101 Oster 1.1 Cubic Feet Digital Microwave Oven - White $119 Oster 1.1 Cubic Feet Digital Microwave Oven - White |
| | Danby DUF408WE 4.2 Cubic Feet Upright Freezer $417.69 4.2 cubic feet upright freezer Energy Star compliant Mechanical thermostat Manual defrost 2 quickfreeze shelves Integrated door shelves Reversible door hinge for left or right side opening Rear castors for easy mobility. Product Dimensions: 23.63 inch W X 25.5 inch D X 36.13 inch H. |
| | Eaton Brothers Poly Leaf Tote 10 Cubic Feet 2568 $30.39 Fabric. Square of polypropylene mesh with sewn poly corner handles makes. Collection and hauling of leaves trash and twig. Capacity: 10 Cubic Feet. |
| | Danby DUF808WE 8.2 Cubic Feet Upright Freezer $547.56 8.2 Cubic Feet capacity upright freezer Energy Star rated 3 quick freeze shelves and 4 door shelves Manual defrost Easytoprogram mechanical thermostat Scratch resistant worktop is perfect for storing extra accessories Reversible door hinge for left or right hand opening Features a fresh white finish with integrated door handle Upright design takes up minimal floor space. Product Width: 60.96 cm 24 in Product Depth: 65.2 cm 25 11/16 in Product Height: 149.3 cm 58 12/16 in |
| | Rubbermaid RCP 4616 BLA Cube Truck 16 Cubic Feet $981.05 Metal frame design provides durable support for commercial waste collection. Also ideal for commercial or institutional laundry handling. NSF/USDA Approved for use in food processing applications. (Cannot ship UPS.)16 Cubic Feet |
| | Rubbermaid RCP 4612 BLA Cube Truck 12 Cubic Feet $805.55 Metal frame design provides durable support for commercial waste collection. Also ideal for commercial or institutional laundry handling. NSF/USDA Approved for use in food processing applications. (Cannot ship UPS.)12 Cubic Feet |
| | Rubbermaid RCP 4614 BLA Cube Truck 14 Cubic Feet $903.83 Metal frame design provides durable support for commercial waste collection. Also ideal for commercial or institutional laundry handling. NSF/USDA Approved for use in food processing applications. (Cannot ship UPS.)14 Cubic Feet |
| | Haier HSB03BB 2.7 Cubic Feet Refrigerator $99.99 0.30 ft³ 1 1 x Non-reversible 1 x Tray - for Ice 1144800 kJ per Year 115 V AC 12 Month 12 Month Labor 12 Month Part 2 x Shelf - Full Width Fresh Food 2 x Shelf on Door - Full Width 2.40 ft³ 2.70 ft³ 26" Height x 18.75" Width x 19.13" Depth 5 Year Part - Compressor 60 Hz Safety Approvals: UL C-UL DOE EEV Keep your food fresh and your beverages ice cold in this feature-packed compact refrigerator. Analog Adjustable Black Door - 2 Liter Storage Freestanding HSB03BB HSB03BB 2.7 Cubic Feet Refrigerator Haier Haier America Leveling Legs - 2 Front Adjustable Manual De-frost Non-reversible Recessed Handle Refrigerator Shelf Shelf - Reversible Interior to Accommodate 2 Liter Bottle Storage Racks Type: Wire Tray Tray - For Drip hsb03bb www.haieramerica.com |
| | Haier HSA04WNCWW 4.0 Cubic Feet Refrigerator $129.99 0.70 ft³ 1 1 x Non-reversible - Full Width 1 x Tray - Ice 115 V AC 12 Month 12 Month Labor 12 Month Part 1224000 kJ per Year 3 x Shelf - Full Width Non-Trimmed 3 x Shelf on Door - Full Width Non-Trimmed 3.30 ft³ 34" Height x 18.75" Width x 19.13" Depth 4 ft³ 5 Year Part - Compressor 60 Hz 2 Liter Bottle Storage Handle Type : Recessed Storage Racks Type : wire Refrigerator Shelf : 1 Adjustable, 2 Fixed UL C-UL DOE EEV Available in three colors, this stylish compact refrigerator will look great into any home, dorm room, or office. Analog Adjustable Freestanding HSA04WNCWW HSA04WNCWW 4.0 Cubic Feet Refrigerator Haier Haier America Leveling Legs - 2 Front Manual De-frost Non-reversible Refrigerator Shelf Tray White www.haieramerica.com |
| | Sentrysafe H2100 FIRE-SAFE Waterproof Chest 0.36 Cubic Feet Silver Gray H2100 $35.19 Sentrysafe H2100 FIRE-SAFE Waterproof Chest 0.36 Cubic Feet Silver Gray H2100 |
| | A View of a Concrete Mixer Which Has a Capacity of 14 Cubic Feet for Road-Building $79.99 A View of a Concrete Mixer Which Has a Capacity of 14 Cubic Feet for Road-Building - Premium Photographic Print |
| | Standard Cubic Foot $60.54 High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles A standard cubic foot (abbreviated as scf) is a measure of quantity of gas, equal to a cubic foot of volume at 60 degrees Fahrenheit (15.6 degrees Celsius) and either 14.696 psi (1 atm or 101.325 kPa) or 14.73 psi (30 inHg or 101.6 kPa) of pressure. A standard cubic foot is thus not a unit of volume but of quantity, and the conversion to normal cubic metres is not the same as converting cubic feet to cubic metres (multiplying by 0.0283168...), since the standard temperature and pressure used are different. Assuming an ideal gas, a standard cubic foot using the present convention of 14.73 psi represents 1.19804 moles (0.0026412 pound moles), equivalent to 0.026853 normal cubic metres. Common oilfield units of gas voumes include ccf (hundred cubic feet), Mcf (thousand cubic feet), MMcf (million cubic feet), Bcf (billion cubic feet), Tcf (trillion cubic feet), Qcf (quadrillion cubic feet), etc. The M refers to the Roman numeral for thousand. Two Ms would be one thousand thousand, or one million. The s for standard is sometimes included, but often omitted and implied. Author: Surhone, Lambert M./ Timpledon, Miriam T./ Marseken, Susan F. Binding Type: Paperback Number of Pages: 74 Publication Date: 2010/08/02 Language: English Dimensions: 6.00 x 9.02 x 0.18 inches |
| | Waterbury Companies, Inc Air Sanitizer Refill,6.8 oz.,Covers 6000 Cubic Feet f/30 Day(Pack of 1) $12.49 Waterbury Companies, Inc Air Sanitizer Refill,6.8 oz.,Covers 6000 Cubic Feet f/30 DayAir sanitizer refill kills airborne bacteria making the air you breathe healthier and cleaner. One refill will cover 6,000 cubic feet for 30 days, 24 hours a day whe |
| | Sanyo Fisher Home Appliance Refrigerator,3.6 Cubic Feet Cap,18-5/8x19-7/8x33-1/2,WE(Pack of 1) $584.49 Sanyo Fisher Home Appliance Refrigerator,3.6 Cubic Feet Cap,18-5/8"x19-7/8"x33-1/2",WERefrigerator holds 3.6 cubic feet and stands counter-high. Design features a reversible door, two leveling legs, three adjustable wire shelves, three door shelves, |
| | Haier RDE350AW 6.5 Cubic Feet Electric Dryer#44; White $430.85 This Haier 61/2 cubic feet Encore Electric Dryer features 3 dryness levels 5 auto dry cycles both auto and timed dry cycle status light feature end of cycle signal ultraquiet operation wrinkle saver option easy open hamper door design 3 auto dry cycles 3 temperature settings and easy access lint filter. Rotary Controls and Auto Dry make this dryer as simple as it is effective. Dimensions: 281/4 D x 27 W x 421/2 H. Satisfaction ensured. Manufactured to the highest quality available. |
| | 1092722 - Caremail Biodegradable Peanuts, 0.34 Cubic Feet $13.97 [CML1092722] UPC: 075353115305 UNSPC: 24141606 0.33 LB |
| | 1118683 - Caremail Biodegradable Peanuts, 3 Cubic Feet $52.74 [CML1118683] UPC: 075353116906 UNSPC: 24141606 4 LB |
| | Shopzeus USA zeusd1EPST1255966 Pinepress 2.2 Cubic Feet $35.22 An absorbent bedding with a fresh and natural pine scEnt |
 | Danby DAR195BL 1.8 cu.ft. All Refrigerator - Black List Price:  |
DescriptionThe energy efficient Danby Designer(R) counter-top all-fridge offers 1.8 cu. ft. of refrigeration in a convenient, compact space. This model makes a great addition to the student dorm room or home office... |
 | Oster OGG3701 .7-Cubic Foot 700-Watt Digital Microwave Oven List Price: |
DescriptionOster products can help creative cooks turn meals into artistic expressions with a versatile and stylish array of products - and do it with confidence and ease that match both your kitchen and personality! Features: 700 Watts of cooking power with 10 adjustable power levels 6 auto cooking/one touch menu (Potato, Popcorn, Pizza, Beverage, Frozen Dinner & Reheat) Express cooking and weight defrost Digital Timer and Digital Clock Removable glass turntable. |
 | Cuisinart TOB-195 Exact Heat Toaster Oven Broiler, Stainless List Price: |
DescriptionToday?s busy lifestyles have made the multifunctional countertop oven more popular than ever. This Cuisinart® Toaster Oven Broiler features state-of-the-art electronic touchpad controls and a stainless steel bar handle and side grips to give it a popular commercial look... |
 | KitchenAid Architect Series II KDDC24CVS 24 4.8 cu ft Built-in Double Drawer Refrigerator/Freezer |
DescriptionGeneral Brand El Paso Name Fajita Quesadila grill Model 10054 Type Quesadilla Maker Feature Features Non-stick cooking surface Adjustable temperature Removable base-easy to clean Lid and pan, dishwasher safe Power lights: on/off, ready Built- in drip reservoir Steam guard Marinade tray/grease drain Interchangeable quesadilla and fajita grilling surfaces Spec Ready Light Yes Nonstick Interior Yes Color Red |
 | The Living End - then and now |
 | Certain Damage! Vol. 52 |
 | SentrySafe SFW123DSB 1.23 Cubic Feet Combination Fire-Safe, Medium Grey List Price: |
DescriptionProtect your documents, digital media, and other valuables from fire, water, and theft with the SentrySafe SFW123DSB Combination Fire-Safe. The safe sports four 1-inch steel bolts that are 60 percent bigger than bolts found on traditional safes... |
 | SentrySafe H2300 0.36 Cubic Foot Fire-Safe Waterproof Chest, Silver Gray List Price: |
 | SentrySafe H4300SG Fire-Safe Waterproof Security File, 0.7 Cubic Feet, Silver Gray List Price: |
 | Eva-dry E-500 Renewable Wireless Mini Dehumidifer List Price: |
DescriptionDehumidifier BenefitsThe high capacity dehumidifier has been designed to absorb moisture from small enclosed areas. It will help protect clothes and valuables from the damaging effects of mold / mildew and moisture rot... |
 | Mickey Mouse Jumbo Airwalker Party Balloon List Price: |
DescriptionThis jumbo sized mylar is amazing. Attach the included wieghts to the bottom of his feet and he hovers close to the floor. |
 | Helium Tank Kit |
DescriptionMake your balloons float with helium! This handy helium tank is perfect for birthday parties, celebrations, weddings, school dances and more! The helium tank is lighweight and disposable. It features an easy to use nozzle to fill up balloons in a snap and handles to carry easily... |
 | Northeastern Products All God's Creatures Litter, 2 Cubic Feet List Price: |
Descriptionby NORTHEASTERN PRODUCTS CORP - Get Fast Shipping and Low Prices at PetsWarehouse.com on over 43,000 Pet Supplies such as Dog Food, Dog Supplies, Cat Food, Cat Supplies, Bird Food, Bird Supplies, Aquarium Supplies and Fish Supplies... |
| Northeastern Products All God's Creatures Litter, 1 Cubic Foot |
Descriptionby NORTHEASTERN PRODUCTS CORP - Get Fast Shipping and Low Prices at PetsWarehouse.com on over 43,000 Pet Supplies such as Dog Food, Dog Supplies, Cat Food, Cat Supplies, Bird Food, Bird Supplies, Aquarium Supplies and Fish Supplies... |
 | Little Tikes Giant Toy Chest Pink |
DescriptionLittle Tikes Classic Toys by Little TikesFor almost 40 years Little Tikes has been making iconic and classic toys like the Classic Doll Stroller and Doll Buggy. Your kids will enjoy the same Classic Castle playhouse or Table and Chairs that you did in your childhood... |
 | Disposable Helium Tank List Price: |
DescriptionThis lightweight, disposable helium-filled tank comes with an easy-fill nozzle and easy to carry handles. Tank can fill approximately (50) - 9" latex balloons, or (27) - 11" latex balloons with a float time of approximately 5-7 hours, or (27) - 18" Foil Balloons, or (20) - 20" Foil Balloons with a float time of approximately 4 days... |
 | Keeper 07203 Waterproof Roof Top Cargo Bag (15 Cubic Feet) List Price: |
DescriptionWaterproof, increases vehicle cargo space, protects cargo against rain, grit, sun and wind. Soft sides flex to fit odd shaped loads, folds compact for storage. Fits all roof racks. 15 cubic feet. |
 | Rola 59102 Expandable Hitch Tray Cargo Bag List Price: |
DescriptionThe Expandable Cargo Bag is perfect for storing luggage, camping equipment, etc. Rainproof construction offers wonderful protection against the weatherZip closureFolds up for easy, compact storageFits cargo carriers up to 60" x 24"Normal size: 48" L x 19" W x 18" HExpanded size: 48" L x 19" W x 22" H |
 | Rain-X Roof Top Cargo Carrier List Price: |
DescriptionHeavy duty, waterproof zipper and dual, overlapping flaps. Lasts longer: Pos-A-Net construction puts the holding power into the netting itself not into the seams of the bag. Folds down into small storage bag for easy keeping carrying... |
 | Kike Calvo Fun - Niagara Falls sees between four and six millions cubic feet of water go over its crest every minute - Tote Bags |
Geometry Tips : How to Find Volume in Cubic Feet
Precious Things in Peru: The Search for Gold
Peru is an interesting country in that it has been forged by the Conquistadors, brought into modern times by the Japanese (including a famous Peruvian leader with Japanese DNA) and may fall into the orbit of Mainland China. Peru, like many Latin American countries, can indeed be seen as a natural resource colony for Asia’s emerging power houses.
According to an NGO worker based in Costa Rica, “America is losing power by the day and is no longer able to keep China out of Central and South America, nor Russia for that matter.”
In the wake of these erstwhile geopolitical changes, astute Latin America watchers may well ask what’s going on in Peru? According to Linda Dixon, an American gold entrepreneur now based in Peru, that South American nation ranks high in both silver and gold production. Corporations which may or may not adhere to environmentally-sound mining procedures are assessing the risks in the marketplace in regard to the terms of capital investment, borrowing and the rate of return. Opportunities exist in abundance for the small to medium scale investor.
A lack of solid English-language coverage of the precious metals industry in Latin America, says Dixon, makes the whole assessment process less than perfect. Fifty-plus percent returns are possible on small mining concession in Peru. This is something American and Western investors may well want to consider for their portfolio.
US$ 50 to $60,000 investments might be considered prudent, as a sort of micro-lending on steroids. Dixon might well take note of the fact that roughly 15 million artisanal gold miners are digging for gold right at this very moment to the four corners of the Earth.
Again we must ask “Why all the fuss about gold?” Almost everything in America that can be monetized (from AIG and major bank debt to stay at home mothering vs. day care) has already been monetized. After the housing and IT bubbles burst, there is no new source of wealth creation. America has been systematically de-industrialized. In times of bust and fear gold reigns supreme.
Gold mining in Peru offers low overhead and no shortage of buyers (in Latin America, North America, the West and the world.) On-line, vertically integrated real time data on gold extraction, procurement, spotting, selling, acquisition as well as personal and industrial use is not far off. Analyzing and profiting from extraction, refining and selling of gold directly to buyers with a “premium to spot” is the order of the day for entrepreneurs like Dixon.
Digging Deeper in Latin America
Surely there is a great global hunger for gold – but whom do you listen to and where to you go to follow the process of gold’s “liberation” from the ground? With on-line data becoming available, from A to Z and every stop of the gold process along the way will be as convenient as reading the box scores of Major League Baseball on your laptop during the Fourth of July. And make no mistake – Latin America, especially Peru, Argentina and Chile, will be a part of the 21st Century gold rush. There is more mineral exploration going on in Latin America than any other region in the world. One out of every four mineral exploration dollars these days is being spent in Latin ameirca.
According to Ceri Jones’, Manic mining in Latin America, “In Argentina for instance, 75% of the mining region has not yet been explored. Barrick Gold Cor’s Pascua-Lama, which straddles the border between Argentina and Chile at a pant-inducing altitude of 15,000 feet. Barrick, the world’s third-biggest gold producer, had planned to move glaciers to get at the gold underneath, but the project has been delayed by wrangling with the local community in the Huasco valley who fear that the massive open-pit gold mine, expected to come on stream in 2009, will contaminate their fields and deplete water supplies.” Jones’ article echos Dixon’s concerns about the viability of environmentally friendly and sustainable mining practices.
Concerning the future of mining in Peru, Jones’ article added, “Australia’s BHP Billiton has had to work hard to come to an agreement with residents near its inherited Tintaya mine in southern Peru. Many of the miners operating in the region are global companies such as Barrick, Falconbridge, Newmont, BHP Billiton, and Phelps Dodge. Toronto-based Barrick, which operates 14 mines including projects in Peru, Chile, Argentina and Tanzania, is worth a mention because last year it produced almost 5.5 million ounces of gold, at a cash cost of just $227 per ounce, the lowest cost of all major producers.
“For a pure Peruvian play, Antamina is the country’s leading producer of zinc and the second largest of copper and molybdenum. The company increased its output by over 20% last year. Southern Copper Corporation is a producer of copper, molybdenum, zinc and silver located in Peru and in Mexico. Quoted in New York, the company acquired Minera Mexico last year, and now has a range of operations, including the Toquepala and Cuajone mine complexes in Peru, and both open-pit and underground operations in Mexico which produce zinc, lead, copper, silver, gold and coal.
“One of the most admired miners is Peru’s Buenaventura, a precious metals specialist with a shareholding in Minera Yanacocha. Quoted in Lima and New York, Buenaventura has two growing underground goldmines and the fourth largest silver mine, and a reputation for the best geological information in Peru.
“For instance, Antamina in Peru employs 1,400 workers and is one of the main sources of well-paid work in the country, particularly in Ancash. In five years, per capita income is expected to double in the area. In fact, Peru’s economy grew at its slowest pace for two years in April as fishmeal, natural gas and manufacturing output declined, leaving the economy remaining buoyed only by its $10 billion mining exports and $1.5 billion in natural gas sales.
Jones salutes Invesco which is a “Perpetual Latin American fund, run by Dean Newman, has performed well, up 36.6% on the year and 194.5% over three years against sector rises of 17.8% and 62.1% respectively. Other specialist trusts include Scottish Widows Latin America fund, and Threadneedle Latin American fund, which have both made around 35.5% over one year and 163% over three years, although the latter has a higher minimum investment at £2,000. The UBS Global Emerging Markets fund has around 18% in Latin America, and Axa Emerging Markets fund and First State Global Emerging markets both have around 16% in the region.”
An Ancient Quest for Gold
During the days of Ancient Rome, a military general and fire department chief named Crassus was worth almost US$ 170 billion in today’s paper denominated world. (As ranked by Forbes). Crassus, seeking to imitate Alexander the Great and conquer India, took his expeditionary legions into Turkey. There he hoped to fight and defeat the Parthians and capture Mesopotamia and Persia. Crassus ignored the advice of his advisors who though he should invade through Armenia and saw his son killed. Crassus himself had liquid molten gold poured down his throat and was decapitated. His head was used in a theatrical play by those who slew him.
Today’s modern English dictionary contains the word “crass” as a reminder to those whose thirst for gold bullion may well be as unquenchable as Crassus’ was. Such a lessen cannot be lost on those readers in tune with the de facto paradigm of the post-American world of oligarch-led finance capitalism. Acting in the face of the conundrum driven by exotic financial instruments like derivatives and the securitization of the so-called sub- prime mortgages, the Fed has printed up Monopoly money out of thin air and bought off/rescued revolving door cronies on Wall St. via their “good old boy” network.
Meanwhile ordinary Americans have no choice but to watch helplessly as American manufacturing, off shoring, 20 million illegal immigrants, legal immigrant visas and other economy destroying phenomena have combined to set up “the perfect storm” of the economic Armageddon we now find ourselves in.
Inflation and the threat of inflation, massive U.S. Dollar devaluation and efforts to resuscitate the economy will be among the factors affecting the price of gold through the rest of 2009. The rigged stock market, regulators who should be wearing orange prison coveralls, low rates of return on U.S. Treasuries, trillions of Dollars of unpayable debt and cronyism do not inspire confidence in the average thinking American.
Therefore look for gold to continue its ascent, despite insider manipulation on the price of gold as organized by Central Banks -- who not only have a monopoly on the creation of paper money, but on the martial violence that money pays for via modern, conquering armies that would make Crassus blush.
Countering the implosion of paper and digital money is the fact that only 160,000+ tons of gold have been mined in all of human history. As such, one gold bar weighing 28 pounds is worth US$ 333,000+. At 1000 per ounce and rising, gold as they say, is still “money in the bank.”
The question remains, where will all of this lead the world in terms of the price and demand of gold? Why the obsession with this metal? Some years ago, the well-known economist Milton Freidman lamented the idea of mankind placing so much value on something you merely dig up from the ground. There isn’t that much gold in the world to begin with. What can you really do with it beyond jewelry and dental work? The answer – plenty.
The people of Burma wear gold medallions around their necks as a hard currency 401 K. Gold sales are up while the American Dollar is down, Brazil just won the right to host the Summer Olympics, a gold-back Dinar may be in the pipeline and a basket of currencies may well be replacing the U.S. Dollar as the major global reserve currency. Digital gold, gold stocks, global gold mining and Latin American gold mining, as well as gold demand in India (which consumed more than 770 tons of gold in 2007) and China (360+ tons in 2007) are key issues which deserve vigilant monitoring.
The world’s thirst for gold is sure to continue. According to writer Siddharth Pani, “ Most of the Central banks, including India’s are holding gold reserves as a hedge against any fiscal crisis. In 1991 the then-Narshima Rao government had taken loan against gold to tide over the Indian fiscal crisis, which ultimately led to the opening up of Indian economy. Unless new gold mines are found in the coming years or some major Central banks sell gold, there will be shortage of Gold. Further, the cost of extracting gold is also rising.
“At this point there is a marginal surplus as far as Gold and supply and demand is concerned. This may change rapidly as more and more investors are diversifying into Gold, particularly in developed nation where gold’s penetration as an investment option is still low. Jewelry demand from countries like India and China is expected to rise over the next few years. Demand pressure will continue to increase while goldmine supplies are expected to remain steady. It is worth noting here that it takes at least a few years for a newly discovered mine to be fully operational. Even if new mines are discovered new gold supplies will take time to materialize.”
… More About Peru for Investors to Consider …
Your browser may not support display of this image. In 2006, Peru occupied a leading position in the global production of the following mineral commodities: arsenic trioxide (fourth after China, Chile, and Morocco), bismuth (third after China and Mexico), copper (third after Chile and the United States), gold (fifth after South Africa, Australia, the United States, and China), lead (fourth after China, Australia, and the United States), molybdenum (fourth after the United States, China, and Chile), rhenium (fourth after Chile, Kazakhstan, and the United States), silver (first followed by Mexico and China), tin (third after China and Indonesia), and zinc (third after China and Australia).
In Latin America, Peru was the first ranked producer of, in order of value, gold, silver, zinc, lead, tin, and tellurium and the second ranked producer of copper and molybdenum (after Chile), and bismuth (after Mexico).
In 2006, Peru’s economy benefited from high prices for mineral commodities. To date, the Government has privatized 220 state-owned firms via joint ventures and consortia in the mining and fuels industries. The firms have generated $9.2 billion, with an additional committed capital flow of about $11.4 billion, representing 17% and 21% of Peru’s GDP, respectively. Privatizations and concessions generated a committed investment of $6.9 billion (2006-2010) by mining companies such as Perú Copper Inc. for Toromocho copper project ($2.5 billion), Xstrata plc. for Las Bambas ($1 billion), Phelps Dodge Corp. for expansion of Cerro Verde copper mine ($850 million), Monterrico Metals Inc. for Rio Blanco base metals project ($800 million), Rio Tinto Limited for La Granja copper project ($700 million), Southern Copper Corporation for expansion of Ilo smelter ($400 million), Goldfields Ltd. for Cerro Corona copper-gold project ($350 million), and Companhia Vale do Rio Doce for the Bayovar phosphate project ($300 million). The Ministerio de Energía y Minas reported that of the committed investment in 2006, Peru received $1 billion for gas and $200 million for petroleum.
Petróleos del Perú (PETROPERU S.A.) was created on July 24, 1969 (law No.17753) as a state-owned entity, dedicated sequentially to transportation, refining, and commercialization of refined products and other derivatives of petroleum. The Peruvian Congress on June 2, 2004 (law No.28244) excluded PETROPERU S.A. from the privatization process and authorized its participation in the exploration and production of hydrocarbons. The state agency Perupetro S.A. was created on November 18, 1993 (law No. 26221) to be responsible for promoting investments for hydrocarbon exploration and production in the country. Perupetro negotiates, signs, and administers hydrocarbon contracts, for which PETROPERU must compete with private firms as well. In 2006, PETROPERU invested $4.5 billion in the hydrocarbon sector.
Production
In 2006, the value of Peruvian minerals (metals, industrial minerals, and fuels) production amounted to $6.5 billion, compared with $5.1 billion in 2005. Mining and fuel production increased by 8.1% as a result of larger values of metals (7%) and fuel output (23%). The increase of mineral outputs (content) was mainly led by natural gas (77%), molybdenum (22%), gold (20%), crude oil (18%), and iron (8%), and to a lesser extent by silver and lead (4% each) compared with 2005 outputs. In 2006, metal prices were also driven upwards because of the higher consumption associated with increased world economic activity, such as in China, the United States, and other countries.
Metal production growth was mainly led by an increase in copper, iron, silver, and lead, which offset the decreased output of gold, molybdenum, and zinc. The hydrocarbon sector’s output also increased owing to the increased extraction of natural gas at Aguaytia and Camisea. Crude oil output was expected to increase as the result of the 16 new oil exploration and production contracts signed in 2006.
Mineral Trade
Peru’s mining industry, which has consistently been the country’s major foreign exchange generator since 1997, accounted for almost 61.8% ($14.7 billion) of total export revenues of more than $23.8 billion in 2006 compared with 56.3% ($9.8 billion) of total export revenues of about $17.4 billion in 2005. In 2006, Peru’s total trade balance recorded a surplus of about $8.9 billion compared with $5.3 billion in 2005, which increased by almost 68% compared with 6.6% in 2005. Peru’s minerals sector had a trade surplus of $16.2 billion compared with $11 billion in 2005.
In 2006, mining was the main exporting sector of the country. Price increases for zinc (136.5%), copper (82.6%), and gold (36%) played an essential role in the Peruvian trade balance. Almost 82% of the total minerals exported ($14.7 billion) were copper ($6 billion), gold ($4 billion), and zinc ($2 billion). Peru’s other mineral exports were molybdenum ($838 million), lead ($713 million), silver ($479 million), tin ($332 million), and iron ($256 million).
Peru’s fourth major traditional export, petroleum and derivatives, amounted to $1.6 billion in 2006 compared with $1.5 million in 2005. Peru’s total mineral exports, which included petroleum and derivatives, amounted to more than 68% of its total exports in 2006. Total mineral imports, which were mostly petroleum and derivatives, however, increased by about 34.8% to $3.1 billion compared with $2.3 billion in 2005. Total imports increased by about 21.5% to $14.7 billion compared with $12.1 billion in 2005 and generated a surplus of $2.6 billion compared with $5.3 billion in 2005. In 2006, the United States (34%), China (11%), Chile (7%), Canada (6%), and Japan (5%) were Peru’s leading mineral consumers. The United States, China, and Chile were the main importers of gold, copper, and molybdenum, respectively. Peru sold about 6% of its exports to other members of the Mercado Común Andino (ANCOM), whose members were Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela; about 3% was sold to the Mercado Común del Cono Sur (MERCOSUR) countries of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, and associate members Bolivia and Chile; and 15% was sold to other Latin American countries. Peruvian mineral exports could increase if the negotiations between ANCOM and MERCOSUR lead to a South American free trade agreement and owing to the free trade agreement signed recently (2006) between the United States and Peru.
Metals
Copper
Peru’s copper output (Cu content) in 2006 was about 1.05 million metric tons (Mt) compared with almost 1.01 Mt in 2005, an increase of almost 4%. The country’s copper metal exports in 2006 totaled about 986,600 metric tons (t) valued at $6 billion, compared with 984,200 t valued at $3.4 billion in 2005; this value was 76.5% higher than that of 2005 as a result of the copper price increase to $2.829 per pound of copper in 2006 from $1.549 per pound in 2005.
Gold
In 2006, gold output was 202.8 t compared with 208 t in 2005, a decrease of 2.5%. MyS produced 81.2 t compared with 103.2 t in 2005. Other leading gold producers were Minera Barrick Misquichilca S.A. (51.9 t), Madre de Dios S.A (15.8 t), Compañía de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A. (7.9 t), and Aruntani S.A.C. (6.5 t). Gold exports in 2006 totaled about 6,702.1 ounces valued at $4 billion compared with 7,036.8 ounces valued at $3.2 billion in 2005; this value was 25% higher than that of 2005 as a result of the gold price increase to $605 per troy ounce in 2006 from $445 per troy ounce in 2005.
Silver
The country’s total silver content output increased to more than 3,471 t compared with 3,206 t in 2005. Peru, for the third time, surpassed Mexico’s silver output of 3,000 t in 2006. In silver output, companies, such as Aruntani, El Brocal, Compañía de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A., and Volcan Compañía Minera S.A.A. were more active, and silver production was higher than last year because Minera yanacocha S.R.L. and medium-sized gold-silver mines exceeded their initial production goals. yanacocha increased its output mainly as a result of technological innovations in its gold-silver recovery process. Higher international prices allowed medium-sized mines and small producers to mine lower grade ores. Peru produced more than 313,300 t of lead in concentrates compared with about 319,400 t in 2005. Exports of silver were valued at about $479 million, respectively, compared with $281 million in 2005, respectively.
Mineral Fuels
Coal
Peru’s largest coal deposits were at Alto Chicama located in La Libertad Region. Other coal deposits occur in the Cuenca del Santa in the Marañón Region and the coal basins of Goyllarisquizga and Hatun Huasi in the Cáceres Region of central Peru. In 2006, , Peru’s recoverable coal reserves were estimated to be 1.1 billion metric tons, and coal production was relatively small (about 29,535 t) compared with an estimated consumption of more than 1.3 Mt/yr.
Natural Gas and Petroleum
In 2006, Peru’s recoverable (proven and probable) and possible crude oil, liquefied natural gas (LNG), and natural gas resources were estimated to be 6,239.1 million barrels (Mbbl); LNG 1,373.8 Mbbl; and natural gas 859 billion cubic meters (30.4 trillion cubic feet), respectively. The leading gasfields were the Aguaytia, which is located about 41 km west-northwest of Pucallpa and had proven reserves of 8.5 billion cubic meters (301 billion cubic feet) of gas and 9 Mbbl of natural gas liquids (NGL) and the Camisea gasfields in the Ucayali Basin with 250 billion cubic meters (8.7 trillion cubic feet), which included 600 Mbbl of NGL. Natural gas production increased to 1,775 million cubic meters from 1,517 million cubic meters in 2005 and was produced by Pluspetrol S.A. (59%), Aguaytia S.A. (22%), Petrotech del Perú S.A. (8%), Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. (Petrobrás) (6%), and others (5%). Petrobrás through Petrobrás Energía S.A. acquired exploration and production rights for natural gas and petroleum in Lots 57 and X, respectively.
About the Author
Posted in 
Tags: 
In Germany a Catholic church has been built entirely of snow and ice! It was made with 49,000 cubic feet of snow…